Don't let darkness hold you back! Understanding  Effective Treatments for Night Blindness
Don't let darkness hold you back! Understanding Effective Treatments for Night Blindness
26 February 2024

What is night blindness?

Is night blindness holding you back? Share your insights!

Known by its alternative name, nyctalopia, is an eye condition that can be adverse. Night blindness happens when photoreceptor cells in the retina, called rod cells, do not work right. They lose their ability to respond to dim light, and thus, visual transmission to the brain gets impacted.

This eye condition impairs vision in low light conditions or complete darkness. This happens because the tiny light-sensitive cells in your retina, called rod cells, might not work correctly or respond in dim light.

People with vitamin A deficiency are at risk of night blindness, but it is not the sole cause. Since it is a vision impairment condition, it can also be the result of another underlying eye disease.

Make sure you incorporate essential eye vitamins like beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin B12, fish oil, and others, that can help you prolong your vision health. Stay tuned while we inform you about the underlying causes, symptoms, and effective treatment measures for night blindness.

What are the most common causes of night blindness?

As previously mentioned, night blindness is an eye condition that causes difficulty adapting to different brightness levels. This eye issue needs emergency medical assistance so that you do not lose your vision permanently.

1. Vitamin A deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency is a leading cause of vision impairment. The nutritional component found in your food, vitamin A, helps stimulate low-light vision. If you are eager to learn, let’s dive into detail.

Rhodopsin is a key component found in the retina of our eyes, and it undergoes phototransduction in the presence of light, enabling visual transmission to the brain. It is only possible when precursor molecules like vitamin A initiate the biochemical reaction in the retina of the eyes.

2. Retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetic disorder that silently results in the progressive degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells in the eyes. Rods and cone cells are known to help us see clearly during the day and night. However, as the results suggest, over 60 causative genes are responsible for this eye disorder.

3. Cataracts

Cataracts can also result in conditions like night blindness. Cataracts cause the clouding of the lens, impairing one’s ability to focus clearly in low-light conditions. Also, it decreases the capacity to function between different levels of contrast in light and distinguish them.

4. Glaucoma

Glaucoma can cause optic nerve damage and also impact the visual field, like night blindness. Patients with glaucoma experience reduced peripheral light, increased sensitivity to glare, and constriction in the size of their pupils, resulting in disturbed vision at night.

5.  Age-related macular degeneration

AMD is also responsible for issues with night vision. Macular degeneration impairs the retinal response to different levels of brightness, and even causes loss of central vision, leading to night blindness.

Diagnosis of Night Blindness

Struggling to see clearly at night? No more day and night blinds when you can see clearly with an early diagnosis of nyctalopia. Here’s how an early diagnosis of this disorder is possible:

1. Comprehensive eye exams

A comprehensive eye exam is proactive in detecting potential eye problems. Many eye diseases, like night blindness, cataracts, and glaucoma, have no early distinctive symptoms. So, regular exams can help you identify vision issues and suggest better treatment plans.

Identifying visual-related comfort, safety assessment, and even night blindness conditions can be managed with a preliminary diagnosis. Also, an eye specialist will analyze any sort of medical history and treat your specific case accordingly.

i) Dilated Pupillary Exam

Under dilated pupillary exams, the doctor uses dilate, or special drops, to expand your pupil. Then they diagnose early signs of any eye disease, like night blindness.

ii) Applanation Tonometry

Applanation Tonometry denotes the test where your eye pressure readings are conducted. It has nothing to do with night blindness diagnosis but to track if your eyes are prone to glaucoma and high ocular pressure.

iii) Other comprehensive eye exams

Specialized tests used to diagnose night blindness are pupillary light reflex assessment, refraction, retinal exam, slit lamp examinations, and refraction.

2. Vision Test

Get your eyes checked once every six months. So, if you want to know how you can safely diagnose night blindness, a visual acuity test with or without a corrective lens can be a preliminary check.

After that, eye experts evaluate your visual ability in contrast light conditions. This contrast sensitivity test checks if you can see through subtle differences in brightness or not. Not only this, eye tests like dark adaptation tests are also checked to see your adaptation from bright light to dark changes in light.

3. Specialized eye exams

There are several special eye tests that ophthalmologists conduct to ensure that your eye is healthy. So, let’s understand what they are.

I) Electroretinography (ERG)

Electroretinography (ERG) is a diagnostic test for measuring the information of photoreceptive cells. It can help identify any abnormalities in vision and diagnose night blindness by measuring the electrical response of retinal cells to light stimuli.

II) Fundus examination

Fundus examination is another diagnostic test for night blindness that detects certain retinal diseases causing conditions as such. It helps to inspect the retinal surface through an ophthalmoscope.

III) Genetic Testing

Genetic testing allows eye doctors to know if there is a progression of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), which degenerates the function of cone and rod cells in the eyes.

Symptoms of Night blindness

Night blindness is an eye condition that results when photoreceptor cells, called rod cells, fail to help us see black and white vision in the dark. Particularly in color blindness cases, cone cells are the ones impacting your broad-day vision and inability to see vibrant hues.

Decreased night vision can be a warning sign, so find an eye doctor who can ease your case and maximize your night vision. So, let’s move on to the symptoms you have to watch out for preventing its progression,

  • Trouble adjusting to changes in the brightness of light
  • Blurry vision at night
  • Difficulty focusing on distant objects
  • Headaches and eye pain
  • Sensitivity to glare
  • Inability to see stars in the sky

Treatment of Night Blindness in Nepal

Here are several underlying causes of night blindness. Before treatment, the first step is an accurate diagnosis of the causes. The reasons can be many, so visit an eye clinic near you to get an accurate diagnosis and treatment for night blindness in Nepal. Let’s discuss some of the treatment options in Nepal.

1. Nutritional Supplements

Our eyes need nutrition and vitamins to function properly. You might be aware of how vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness. In such cases, eye specialists recommend that you take vitamin A supplements to restore your night vision, but for the correct dosage, visit an eye clinic near you.
So, to prevent nutritional deficiency, eat eggs, oranges, dark, leafy green vegetables, fortified cereals, and other nutritional foods.

2. Medical Treatments

Chances exist that you will develop an eye disorder like night blindness after certain eye surgeries or medications. The person’s ability to see in dim light is impacted, but do you know that with the genuine advice of an eye specialist, you can regain clarity in your vision at nighttime? But it might take time, so practice patience, follow eye exercises, and follow your doctor’s prescription for restoring healthy eyesight.

3. Non-treatable Night blindness

Not every night blindness case is treated. Genetic diseases like retinitis pigmentosa can impair your night vision permanently. But there are certain measures you can practice for the gradual recovery of symptoms and easy navigation at night. Your eye expert will help you cope with that.

4. Low vision Aids

While no cures are available for genetic RP night blindness, one can still enhance the remaining vision they have. Magnifiers and telescopic devices can be of good help. Besides, gene therapy can also help you minimize the growth of muted genes or affected cells.

Living with Night Blindness: Tips and Considerations

Living with night blindness is not easy. We ask you to have a timely treatment for your specific case and consider what the eye doctor has specified for you at the time of diagnosis. Also, we have some tips and considerations that can make your daily life better.

  • Take the optimal amount of nutrients, vitamin A supplements, and a fiber-rich diet
  • Stay alert when navigating the path of low light
  • Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from glare
  • Adjust contrast settings and light conditions on your screen as needed
  • Make use of assistive devices like night vision glasses, telescopic aids, or magnification devices
  • Early prevention and diagnosis can preserve the remaining vision.

Conclusion

Night blindness is scary, isn’t it? You face sudden difficulty in reading, writing, and even navigating your pathway in dim light and moonlight conditions. It happened out of nowhere, impacting your life situation adversely.

Had you known about your family medical history, would you have taken charge of your vision health? Remember, conscious attention to vision changes makes a difference. Don’t wait till the symptoms worsen, as you have no clue how bad things can get with your long-term vision.

Get concerned, as you might be the next to face vision challenges. Learn about the medical urgency and basic insights, and raise awareness about night blindness with your loved ones. But hey, have you been clear about the causative agents, diagnosis methods, and early treatment measures of the eye condition? If not, contact Vision Concern and get your answers from the expert.

Yes, we provide emergency eye care for conditions like eye injuries, sudden vision loss, and infections. If you experience any urgent eye problems, please contact us immediately, and our team will assist you in getting the care you need.

Signs to watch for include blurry vision, floaters, sudden loss of vision, eye pain, redness, or sensitivity to light. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to schedule an eye exam at Vision Concern Eye Clinic as soon as possible for early diagnosis and treatment.

If you’re experiencing blurred vision, headaches, or eye strain, it may be a sign that you need glasses or contact lenses. Our eye exams will help determine whether you need corrective lenses. We’ll also discuss your options based on your lifestyle and preferences, including glasses, contacts, or even refractive surgery like LASIK.